The Pacifier Puzzle: What You Need to Know

Pacifiers often become a go-to tool for calming fussy babies, but there’s a lot to consider when deciding if, how, and when to use them. While they offer some benefits, there are also important factors to keep in mind about the potential impact on your baby’s oral and facial development. Let’s break it down in an easy, parent-friendly way.

Pacifiers and Development: What the Research Doesn’t Say

Here’s the thing: companies selling pacifiers often market them as “orthodontic” or “specialized,” but there’s no solid research to back these claims. For example, “orthodontic pacifiers” are largely a marketing term—there’s no pacifier that truly helps with dental alignment. In fact, most pacifiers can impact your baby’s facial development over time, especially if used beyond certain age limits.

Pacifiers in Feeding Therapy

Pacifiers can be helpful in certain feeding therapies, especially for babies with special needs who may require them to help with jaw positioning or sucking skills. However, even in these cases, the type of pacifier matters. Babies benefit most from a cylinder-shaped nipple that allows the sides of their tongue to wrap around it, just like when they’re breastfeeding or bottle feeding. Flat or orthodontic pacifiers don't promote the same muscle development in the tongue and face.

The tongue plays a big role in your baby’s development. Ideally, we want the sides of the tongue to elevate and work towards proper oral rest posture, the same way the tongue functions during breastfeeding. When pacifiers hold the tongue down, it interferes with this natural movement.

When (and Why) to Wean Early

Here’s a rule of thumb: try to limit pacifier use to bedtime by the time your baby is 6 months old, and aim to stop completely by 12 months. Why? The longer you wait, the harder it will be for both baby and parents to wean. Plus, research shows that babies who use pacifiers past 12 months are at risk for developing speech issues, low resting tongue posture, and even picky eating habits.

A low tongue resting posture can lead to a high, narrow palate, which affects how your baby’s face develops over time. Prolonged pacifier use can also contribute to an immature swallowing pattern, which isn’t just a speech issue—it can impact how comfortable your child is with eating new foods.

Pacifiers Are Not a Milestone

Pacifiers can be a helpful tool in certain situations, but they’re not a milestone. If your baby’s tongue is resting properly, there’s no need for a pacifier (or thumb sucking) to fill that space. The tongue should naturally rest in the upper palate, helping with breathing and oral development. When a pacifier is constantly in use, it can prevent the tongue from doing its job.

For some medically involved kids, like those with recessed jaws, a pacifier may be necessary to help bring the jaw forward and keep the airway open. In these cases, the pacifier is often prescribed by a medical team.

source: https://www.usa.philips.com/

Choosing the Right Pacifier

If you do decide to use a pacifier, avoid those with a flat or bulbous shape at the end, as they can keep the tongue down and don’t promote healthy tongue elevation. I recommend the Phillips Soothie Avent, which is designed more like a finger and can be useful for suck training without adding unnecessary pressure on the tongue.

Also, steer clear of pacifiers with loveys or weighted attachments. While they might be cute, the extra weight isn’t helpful for your baby’s development

Benefits of Pacifiers

It’s important to acknowledge that pacifiers do have some benefits, especially in the early months:

• Reduced risk of SIDS: Using a pacifier during sleep can reduce the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) up to 12 months, with the primary benefit occurring by 6 months.

• Pain relief: Pacifiers can offer comfort during minor medical procedures.

• Airway assistance: Babies might instinctively use a pacifier to keep their jaw and tongue forward, helping with breathing.

• Suck training: Pacifiers can be used as a tool for suck training when guided by a feeding specialist.

Ready to Wean?

If your child has been using a pacifier or thumb sucking for a prolonged period, don’t worry—there are ways to help them break the habit! A habit elimination program can be a great solution for older children who need a little extra support in saying goodbye to their pacifier for good.

Final Thoughts

While pacifiers can be helpful tools, especially in the early months, it’s important to be mindful of their long-term impact on your baby’s development. Weaning early, choosing the right shape, and limiting use can help support proper oral and facial growth.

If you’re ready to transition your baby away from pacifier use or need personalized guidance, don’t hesitate to reach out. I’m here to help you navigate this journey with ease and confidence!